华兹华斯简介(华兹华斯简介)

维基百科上有：William Wordsworth：William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their 1798 joint publication, Lyrical Ballads.Wordsworth's masterpiece is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi autobiographical poem of his early years which the poet revised and expanded a number of times. The work was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem "to Coleridge". Wordsworth was England's Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death in 1850.Biography：Early life and educationThe second of five children born to John Wordsworth and Ann Cookson, William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in Cockermouth in Cumberland — part of the scenic region in north-west England, the Lake District. His sister, the poet and diarist Dorothy Wordsworth, to whom he was close all his life, was born the following year. All of his siblings were destined to have successful careers. His elder brother Richard became a lawyer in London; John Wordsworth rose to the rank of Captain on a merchantman of the East India Company; and the youngest of the family, Christopher, became Master of Trinity College at Cambridge. After the death of their mother in 1778, their father sent William to Hawkshead Grammar School and sent Dorothy to live with relatives in Yorkshire. She and William did not meet again for another nine years. His father died when he was 13.[1]Wordsworth made his debut as a writer in 1787 when he published a sonnet in The European Magazine. That same year he began attending St John's College, Cambridge, and received his B.A. degree in 1791.[2] He returned to Hawkshead for his first two summer holidays, and often spent later holidays on walking tours, visiting places famous for the beauty of their landscape. In 1790, he took a walking tour of Europe, during which he toured the Alps extensively, and also visited nearby areas of France, Switzerland, and Italy. His youngest brother, Christopher, rose to be Master of Trinity College.Relationship with Annette VallonIn November 1791, Wordsworth visited Revolutionary France and became enthralled with the Republican movement. He fell in love with a French woman, Annette Vallon, who in 1792 gave birth to their child, Caroline. Because of lack of money and Britain's tensions with France, he returned alone to England the next year.[4] The circumstances of his return and his subsequent behaviour raise doubts as to his declared wish to marry Annette but he supported her and his daughter as best he could in later life. During this period, he wrote his acclaimed "It is a beauteous evening, calm and free," recalling his seaside walk with his wife, whom he had not seen for ten years. At the conception of this poem, he had never seen his daughter before. The occurring lines reveal his deep love for both child and mother. The Reign of Terror estranged him from the Republican movement, and war between France and Britain prevented him from seeing Annette and Caroline again for several years. There are also strong suggestions that Wordsworth may have been depressed and emotionally unsettled in the mid 1790s.With the Peace of Amiens again allowing travel to France, in 1802 Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy visited Annette and Caroline in France and arrived at a mutually agreeable settlement regarding Wordsworth's obligationsFirst publication and Lyrical BalladsIn his "Preface to Lyrical Ballads" which is called the 'manifesto' of English Romantic criticism, Wordsworth calls his poems ' experimental'. 1793 saw Wordsworth's first published poetry with the collections An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches. He received a legacy of lb900 from Raisley Calvert in 1795 so that he could pursue writing poetry. That year, he also met Samuel Taylor Coleridge in Somerset. The two poets quickly developed a close friendship. In 1797, Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy, moved to Alfoxton House, Somerset, just a few miles away from Coleridge's home in Nether Stowey. Together, Wordsworth and Coleridge (with insights from Dorothy) produced Lyrical Ballads (1798), an important work in the English Romantic movement. The volume had neither the name of Wordsworth nor Coleridge as the author. One of Wordsworth's most famous poems, "Tintern Abbey", was published in the work, along with Coleridge's "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner". The second edition, published in 1800, had only Wordsworth listed as the author, and included a preface to the poems, which was significantly augmented in the 1802 edition. This Preface to Lyrical Ballads is considered a central work of Romantic literary theory. In it, Wordsworth discusses what he sees as the elements of a new type of poetry, one based on the "real language of men" and which avoids the poetic diction of much eighteenth-century poetry. Here, Wordsworth also gives his famous definition of poetry askeets "the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings from emotions recollected in tranquility." A fourth and final edition of Lyrical Ballads was published in 1805.Germany and move to the Lake DistrictWordsworth, Dorothy, and Coleridge then travelled to Germany in the autumn of 1798. While Coleridge was intellectually stimulated by the trip, its main effect on Wordsworth was to produce homesickness.[4] During the harsh winter of 1798–1799, Wordsworth lived with Dorothy in Goslar, and despite extreme stress and loneliness, he began work on an autobiographical piece later titled The Prelude. He also wrote a number of famous poems, including "the Lucy poems". He and his sister moved back to England, now to Dove Cottage in Grasmere in the Lake District, and this time with fellow poet Robert Southey nearby. Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Southey came to be known as the "Lake Poets".[5] Through this period, many of his poems revolve around themes of death, endurance, separation, and grief.

一、在向荣誉攀登的一切美德中，做事敏捷是至高无上的。因为，上司不喜欢用那些城府深、能力强的人，而喜欢用那些敏捷而勤奋的人。

出自：〔英国〕培根：《学识的增长》

介绍：弗朗西斯·培根（FrancisBacon，1561一1626年），第一代圣阿尔本子爵（1stViscountStAlban），英国文艺复兴时期散文家、哲学家。

二、世界上最快乐的事，莫过于为理想而奋斗。哲学家告诉我们，“为善至乐”的乐，乃是从道德中产生出来的。为理想而奋斗的人，必能获得这种快乐，因为理想的本质就含有道德的价值。

出自：〔古希腊〕苏格拉底：《苏格拉底言行回忆录》

介绍：苏格拉底（希腊语：Σωκρτη英语：Socrates）（公元前469年～公元前399年），古希腊著名的思想家、哲学家、教育家、公民陪审员。

三、一个崇高的目标，只要不渝地追求，就会成为壮举；在它纯洁的目光里，一切美德必将胜利。

出自：〔英国〕华兹华斯：《献给民族独立与自由的诗篇》

介绍：华兹华斯（WilliamWordsworth，1770-1850年），英国浪漫主义诗人，曾当上桂冠诗人。其诗歌理论动摇了英国古典主义诗学的统治，有力地推动了英国诗歌的革新和浪漫主义运动的发展。

四、无论做什么事情，只要肯努力奋斗，是没有不成功的。

出自：〔英国〕卡莱尔：《法国革命》

五、要获得事业的成功，必须奋斗，而不是乞求。

出自：〔英国〕马辛杰：《羞涩的情人》

介绍：菲利普·马辛杰Massinger，Philip(1583～1640)英国戏剧作家。是17世纪早期英国剧作家中编剧技巧最佳者之一。代表作品有《偿还旧债的新方法》《米兰公爵》《捉住老家伙的妙计》等。